Hydrocarbon-burner



E. G. MUMMERY.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATIONFILED APR- 7, 19m.

Patented Mar. 29, 1921.

-S H E E T l 2 SHEETS abtoma c1 5 E. G. MUMMERY.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPHCATION FILED APR. 7, 1919.

Patented Mar. 29, 1921.

2 SHEETyEET 2.

avwemto z ('1 Mona e1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN G. HUMMER/Y, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

nYnaocAaBon-Bumvna Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 7, 1919. Serial No. 287,863.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, EDWIN G. MUMMEnY, a citizen of theUnited States, and residlng at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michi an, have invented a new and Im-. proved ydrocarbon-Burner, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to burners especially adapted for keroseneand other heavy hydrocarbons, and its object is to provide a device of this character which can be made neys, the inner chimney being in sections,

the upper ortion of the inner chimne being imper orate, the lower portlon 0 the inner chimney being integral with the vaporizer, the vaporizer being supplied with.

an annular. cover which forms a tight joint with the outer rim of the trough and has an inner ledge to support the outer chimney.

It further consists in providing radial' flanges at the upper ends of the chimneys extending from each other.

It also conslsts 1n provldin a cowl for the burner ring, spaced apart rom the outer; chimney and having an air space around the flange at the upper edge of the outer Clllm:

it also consists in providing an inner burner ring consisting of inner and outer perforated chimneys and an annular fuel passage integral referably with the lower of the sections 0 the inner chimneys, the vaporizer of the outer ring connecting to the annular fuel passage of the inner ring by means of tubes for the passage of the gaslfied fuel.

It also consists in the details of construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a central vertical section of this improved burner. Fig. 2 is a section on the'line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of a double ring burner embodying my invention. Fig. 4 is a section on-the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5

is a partial section shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a vertlcal central section of a furnace with a double ring burner in position, Fig. 7 is a section ofa sin 1e ring urner having slots instead of holes or the passage of air. Fig. 8 is an elevation of a double ring burner'thus constructed. Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

Similar reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to Fig. 1,. the vaporizer consists of the bottom 1, outer side 2. and lower part 3 of the inner chimney, and is shown mount.- ed on legs 4 and supplied with liquid fuel through a pipe 5. lighter wick 6 prefer ably formed with an asbestos center and metal frame similar to that shown in Fig.5, will be explained later'on.

The inner chimney is shown formed of two parts, the lower part 3 which comprises Patented Mar. 29, 1921.

a portion of the vaporizer, and the upper part 7, but any desired number of upper sectlons may be used. The adjacent edges of these parts is preferably formed with radial flanges 8, one of the two adjacent flanges being formed with key-hole slots 9 and the ot er rovided with headed'pins 10 to secure these anges and sections together- The upper end of the inner chimney will be closed, a head 12 being shown in Fig. 1. The upper portion of the inner'chimney is formed l-mperforate whilethe remainder of the inner chimney and the outer chimney 13 are formed with holes 14 to admit air to the combustion space between the chimneys.

The outer chimney rests on and fits within an angular flange 15 on the cover 16 of the vaporizer, the outer flange 17 of this cover fitting tightly around the outer side 2 of the vaporizer. Vhile the liquid fuel may wet the inner side of the part 2 of the vaporizer and the bottom of the cover 16, it does not pass around the-flange 15 and the sides of the outer chimney never become wetted by the fuel. The chief cause of the objectionable kerosene odor so often found around burners of this character is thus removed.

A cowl 19 may have fingers or legs 20 that rest on the cover 16 and support this cowl in proper position around the chimney 13, an air space being left around the flange 22 at the upper edge of this outer chimney. This space permits a current of air to pass up to the flame above the burner ring, this air also serving to cool this flange 22, which flanges serve to keep the upper end of the chimney causes more perfect combustion and a hotter flame than With perforations in this portion of the same chimney.

Instead of holes, the parts 3 and 7 n of the inner chimney and the outer chlmney l3 shown in Fig. 7 may be formed with narrow slits 24 to permit the passage of air. The

details of this burner are otherwise the same as those shown in Fig. 1 and are similarly lettered.

It. is quite common to use a group of burners where large amounts of heat are desired, as in heating furnaces. In Fig. 5 I have shown a furnace having outer and inner shells 31 and 32, flues 33 and air pipe 34, andwithin the combustion chamber a burner of large diameter supplied by the fuel pipe 35. This burner is shown in section in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 and comprises outer and inner burner rings, it being understood that any desired number of concentric burner rings may be employed. 1 have found that when a single burner ring of large diameter is employed that the shape of the flame is undesirable, as it runs up toward a point, almost in the form of the upper half of an onion. Butby using concentric burner rings as shown in Fi s. 3, 4 and 9, the individual rings of flame axcepting the inner one) are nearly cylindrical and the combustion is greatly improved.

The vaporizer shown in Fig. 3 is in the same form as that shown in Fig. 1, having a bottom 37 supported by legs 38, outer side 39 supporting the cover 40 having an angular flange 42 to support the outer chimney 43 provided at its upper end with a flange 44. The same air space is left between this flange and the upper edge of the cowl 45 which again has feet 46 resting on the cover 40. The lower part 47 of the inner chimney of this outer ring supports the upper part 48, and within this chimney is an imperforate cylinder 49 which connects to the upper edge of the inner chimney by means of an imperforate annulus 51. The outer chimney and the major portion of the inner chimney have perforations 50.

A number of pipes 53 extend from the vaporizer to the circular fuel channel 54 of the inner chimney and may be integral with either or both if desired. The perforated outer chimney 55 of the inner ring rests on the outer flange 56 of this fuel channel and the lower part 57 of this inner chimney may be integral with this channel. This lower part 57 and upper part 58 may have flanges 59 removably secured together, as before described, the upper art being closed by means of a head 60. n inner shell or cowl 62 rests on the small pipes 53 and surrounds 1 the inner burner ring, belng spaced at its with reference to the chimney 55. The

upper portion of the inner chimney 58 is again imperforate but the remainder of the inner chimney and the outer chimney 55 will have perforations 65 in the form of holes or slits.

The igniter is preferably in sections. as illustrated in Fig. 5, being built up of an inner ribbon of metal crimped to pro duce lugs 71 which space it from the inner wall 47 of the vaporizer and having its ends 72 bent to extend into the gas pipes 53, a band 73 of asbestos, and a ribbon 74 of metal preferably gauze. The fingers 75 are preferably struck up from the ribbon 70 and extend through the asbestos 73 and gauze 74.

hen this burner is to be used, a small amount of liquid fuel is admitted to the vaporizer through the pipe 35 to saturate the asbestos 73 which is then lighted. This flame soon forms gas which burns between the chimneys 43 and 47 and the burning gas will also travel along the pipes 53 to the space between the chimneys 56 and 57. As more gas is generated the flame will fill the spaces between the two sets of chimneys and extend up above these burner rings.

The chimneys of the outer ring should be Spaced about three-eighths of an inch apart and the chimneys of the inner rin somewhat less, the rule seeming to be that this distance should decrease inwardly according to the square root of the distance to the center of the burner. Thus, for an outer burner ring eighteen inches in diameter the distance between chimneys should be threeeighths of an inch, for an inner ring twelve inches in diameter the space should be about three-tenths of an inch wide, for an inner ring nine inches in diameter the space should be about one-fourth of an inch wide, and for an inner rin six inches in diameter the space shoul be about two-tenths of an inch .wide. Actual tests have demonstrated the approximate correctness of these dimensions.

The details and proportions of this burner may all be changed by those skilled in the art tomeet the various demands for heating burnersflof this type without departing from the spirit of my invention as set forth in the following claims.

I claim 1. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a plurality of concentric burner rings each comprising perforated inner and outer chimneys, an imperforate cowl on the outside of the outer chimney of each burner rin'g, an lmperforate closure for the top connectin the tops of said last named cylin der and c imney.

2 In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a plurality of concentric burner rings each comprising perforated inner and outer chimneys, an imperforate co wl on the outside-of the outer chimney of each burner ring, a circular fuel passage at the bottom of each burner ring, pipes connecting said fuel passages, and means to conduct liquid fuel to the outer burner ring.

3. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combi nation of a plurality of burner rings each comprising perforated inner and outer chimneys, the outer chimneys bein perforated throughout their entire height and the inner chimneys being imperforate for about one-fourth of their height at their upper ends, the remainder of said inner chimneys being perforated, circular fuel passages at the bottoms of said rings, pipes connectin the fuel passages, and means to conduct, iquid fuel to the outer burner ring. i

4. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a plurality of concentric burner rings each comprisingperforated inner and outer chimneys, said chimne s havin radial flanges at their upper ends exten ing in opposite directions in each ring, a cowl on the outside of each outer chimney, said cowls being spaced so as to leave an air passage between the upper ends and the adjacent flanges on the upper ends of the outer chimneys, fuel passages at the bottoms of the burner rings, pipes connecting the fuel passages, and means to conduct liquid fuel to the outer burner rin EDWIN G. ilUMMERY. 

